International Marketing Management Essays

Worldwide Marketing Management Essays Worldwide Marketing Management Essay Worldwide Marketing Management Essay Avery Wellness (M) Sdn Bhd is a privately owned business have practical experience in all out healthy skin and magnificence item arrangements in Malaysia. The organization started its activity in Malaysia since 1990. Tail Me Industries Sdn Bhd is the sole assembling office though skin couldn't care less and magnificence items to Avery Wellness (M) Sdn Bhd. Avery Wellness plan of action associated with showcasing and circulating healthy skin and sun care items inside Malaysia advertise. The fundamental dispersion habitats in Malaysia center in all drug store chains, departmental stores and magnificence retailers.The organization is visualized to change from a neighborhood undertaking into a global brand organization with development intend to take advantage of abroad market. The organization has a headquarter base in Subang Jaya Industrial Park with complete 80 representatives. The benefit of Avery Wellness items are HALAL accreditation and this gave the organization a solid market ne arness in Muslim portion. The organization with its showcasing and marking technique by utilizing on neighborhood Muslim big name as minister to effective assistance the brand enters the Muslim market. 2. 2 Vision and MissionAvery Wellness is visioning to catch the South East Asian market and to rise as a predominant organization in giving healthy skin and sun care answer for all shoppers. The mission of Avery Wellness is to give ceaseless inventive and dependable item to conquer all man and lady skin issues with an item ensured halal accreditation. 2. 3 Sales Revenue Avery Wellness normal deals income for as far back as 3 years from 2010 to 2012 essentially contributed from 3 significant brands which are Ageless arrangement, Clear Clean and Sun Safeâ„ ¢ (Table 1).The level of commitment is 46%, 20% and 34% individually. The Sun Safeâ„ ¢ brand has two principle sun care items which are Sun Safeâ„ ¢ Face and Sun Safeâ„ ¢ Body. As of now the piece of the pie for these two items in sun care class is over 35% in Malaysia. Table 1: Sale Revenue on Skin Care Brand for Avery Wellness Brand2010 (RM/Million)2011 (RM/Million)2012 (RM/Million)Averagepercentage Ageless5. 55. 86. 05. 7746% Clear Clean2. 42. 52. 52. 4720% Sun Safeâ„ ¢4. 24. 34. 34. 2734% Total Revenue12. 112. 12. 812. 5100% 2. 4 International Market Entry Objective In perspective on deals income staleness from year 2010 to 2012, and expanding of fixed and variable cost yearly, for example, cost of products sold, compensations and wages, premium costs and advancement, hence affecting in net gain yearly. Truth be told, there is critical plunge of net benefit from 11. 4 % to just 9. 9% in year 2012 (Appendix 1). So as to continue business development and accomplish basic gainfulness, venture to enter worldwide market is essential.In specific, supported financial development has been knowledgeable about rising economies, which have become a wellspring of extending market openings and are right no w supporting the worldwide recuperation (Zizah Che Senik et al, 2010). Malaysia strategy of administration urges neighborhood SME to go International. In the push to urge SMEs to go worldwide, SME Corp has presented the National Mark of Malaysia Brand which is a confirmation procedure, examined and observed by Sirim.Through this activity, Malaysian Brands are created for the neighborhood showcase, however with the aim that they would be adequate to infiltrate universal markets (Mohd Rithaudden Makip, 2012) what's more, the SME Master plan (2012-2020) has likewise delineated a High Impact Program †Going Export Program that will concentrate on tending to difficulties looked by SMEs on entering new markets abroad, which incorporate high forthright expenses and the absence of nitty gritty information about the business sectors and nearby contenders (Charles Fernandez, 2013). 3 Country and Market Entry Analysis 3. 1 Country AnalysisIndonesia, Thailand and Singapore are chosen as the potential markets for Avery Wellness’s extension intend to sell HALAL accreditation sun care items. So as to limit business disappointment and discover the best of the nation advertise, three competitor markets (Indonesia, Thailand and Singapore) which are the most closest nation to Malaysia are picked to make correlation for the initial step of Avery Wellness to progress. The choice of oversea markets is an indispensable issue for an organization, this is basic as the global business condition is fierce and progressively dubious when contrasted with household market.Therefore, completely recognize the potential open doors taxi be abused while limiting dangers and dangers (Fariza Hashim et al, 2010). 3. 1. 1 PESTEL Analysis PESTEL examination will be utilized to center the conversation inside this expository system on the political, conservative, social, innovative, natural and lawful components that may impact the business activity for the organization (Kotler 1994). An org anization must know about numerous contemplations, for example, contrasts in language and customs just as political and legitimate while working together globally (Farese et al, 2002).Table 2: Comparison of PESTEL on Indonesia, Thailand and Singapore Analysis FactorCountry IndonesiaThailandSingapore Political Legal(tax)Doing business in Indonesia is mind boggling and tedious. This is a direct result of exchange through the administrative and modern scene. Debasement in the nation is dynamic at all levels. Healthy skin Import obligations and charges of 10% are applied in this nation. Thailand is a fare subordinate nation. A sum of $ 223 billion worth of merchandise in 2011 were sent out, bookkeeping 69% of its GDP. Defilement and absence of straightforwardness still a significant concerns particularly in obtainment tender.Thailand’s normal applied duty rate is 11%. Most noteworthy duty rates applied to imports contending with privately created products. Healthy skin is 35% of import obligations and assessments. Singapore is a free port nation. Over 99% of all imports enter Singapore obligation free. It is a liberal exchanging system. Singapore is a solid licensed innovation security nation with for all intents and purposes no debasement. Singapore collects a 7% Goods and Services Tax (GST), including healthy skin items. Financial (Gross Domestic Product) Indonesia is the biggest populace with 240 million in Southeast Asia.GDP development over 6. 5% in 2011 and anticipated to stay above 6%. Gross domestic product per capita of $3,500. .The absolute populace in Thailand in year 2012 is 67 Million. Thai economy became just 1% in 2011, as the destruction brought about by serious flooding that happened yearly in the nation. Gross domestic product development rate just 5. 5% in year 2012 and evaluated will be over 7. 5% in year 2013. All out populace in year 2012 is 5 Million Singapore economy extended by 14. 5% in year 2012, become the second quickest develop ing economy on the planet. Gross domestic product is normal manageable development of 4% in 2013.Social CulturalRich characteristic assets nation with exceptionally solid local interest. Bahasa is a typical communicating in and language utilized in Indonesia. Indonesian work cost is moderately low by think about other Southeast Countries. Purchasers are incredibly cost cognizant; favor lower costs over item quality. Thai and English are the most widely recognized communicated in language in the nation. Work cost is moderate, where joblessness rate in 2010 just 1% of the work power. Most resident and individuals are exceptionally instructed. English is regular language for business and instruction. Nearby work laws are flexible.EnvironmentInfrastructure and administration organizes still immature in the nation. A large portion of the zone are rustic and with in excess of 180 islands in the nation. Extreme flooding happened yearly. It caused a large number of homes were immersed and n umerous business tasks influenced. Singapore collects high extract burdens on engine vehicles and oil based goods because of natural explanation. TechnologyMobile web is presently rises in the nation, giving chances to work together through web. Internet business innovation empowers Thai to help â€Å"business to business† collaboration.It is another innovation forthcoming pattern in the nation. Broadcast communications and Internet offices in Singapore are incredibly very much evolved. Asset: 2012 Country Commercial Guide for U. S. Organizations ( state. gov/) 3. 2 Selection of Country Base on the PESTEL investigation (Table 2), Indonesia will be the best nation as the objective market of Sun Safe development plan outside Malaysia in light of its the astounding generally performing capacity, broadly acknowledged culture, similarly higher monetary development with less loan cost, and moderate corporate duty rate.What’s more the way that Indonesia is the biggest populac e development nation which implies a huge space for extension has make it a more appealing business sector than Thailand and Singapore. 3. 3 Type of Entry mode The venture into Indonesia advertise for the most part could be accomplished by circuitous speculation, for example, sending out, authorizing, exchanging, joint endeavor and direct venture. Fare Trading Company acts progressively like an operator to pay the producer for the sent out items and from there on offer the item to intrigued buyers.There is a favorable position to help making sure about remote piece of the overall industry in the interest of its customers (Fariza hashim et al, 2010). Avery Wellness is prescribed to begin its business by delegating a neighborhood exchanging and appropriation organization in the focused on sun care advertise. The reasons of designating an exchanging organization are 2 folds: First of all, hazard can be moved to the named neighborhood organization in the new market advancement. This is on the grounds that dangers despite everything exist since such market developments join potential disappointments other than benefit makings.Secondly, an entrenched neighborhood exchanging and dispersion organization has been demonstrated fruitful pool their assets, for example, encounters, advancements and capitals t

Economic Restraints And The American Revolution - 1171 Words

Upon arriving in North America, John Winthrop stated the purpose of the colonies, We shall be as a city upon a hill, the eyes of all people are upon us. The passengers on the boat that left England had a vision, to be an example for the rest of the world. And for over 100 years, Great Britain ruled over these colonies, under the undocumented policy of salutary neglect. Salutary neglect was a long standing policy that allowed the colonists to violate the laws of trade. However, the British reversed this policy to raise taxes for the debts caused by the French and Indian War. After the reversal of the policy, the colonists started to grow tired and angry over the taxation. They debated Great Britain’s legal power to tax them with no direct representation in Parliament. Soon their disgruntled behavior turned violent, and the American Revolution begun. Although the unfair taxes were placed on the colonists for good reasons from the British point of view, the economic restraints an d the lack of political representation in Parliament justified the revolution. Despite that the French and Indian War was a victory, Britain was left with war debts that were the duty of the colonists to pay off. Following the French and Indian War, Great Britain was left with a debt of 140 million pounds. Due to this huge financial burden, they looked toward the colonists to help pay the costs of maintaining the British Empire. After all the colonists were at fault for causing the War. When it cameShow MoreRelatedEconomic Restraints And The American Revolution1286 Words   |  6 PagesBritain’s legal power to tax them with no direct representation in Parliament. Soon their disgruntled behavior turned violent, and the American Revolution begun. Although the unfair taxes were placed on the colonists for good reasons from the British point of view, the economic restraints and the lack of political representation in Parliament justified the revolution. Despite that the French and Indian War was a victory, Britain was left with war debts that were the duty of the colonists to pay offRead MoreThe American Revolution And The War For Independence779 Words   |  4 PagesThe year 1775 marked the beginning of the American Revolution or, to the colonists, â€Å"The War for Independence.† The American Revolution did not happen by itself but past conflicts such as the seven years war provoked the future event of the American Revolution. The seven year war was fought between the Thirteen Colonies and the French Empire as well as Native American allies, over territory in America. Before the seven year war, the British government proposed the colonists to pay for protectionRead MoreThe Importance Of Jacksonian Democracy722 Words   |  3 Pagesthe puissance of lower classes, Americans that did not have as many opportunities unlike the aristocracy. While decreasing the clout of the rich and potent. Economically, they achieved benefi ts from governing during a period where huge advances in transportation, which ultimately accelerated commerce and helped the ordinary man. Politically, they wanted to invest power into an overwhelmingly massive executive branch against the aristocracy class of wealth Americans. The importance of Jacksonian democratsRead More U.S. History 1877-1933 Essay1028 Words   |  5 Pagesemerged from a virulent, intense, and inhumane civil war and evolved into a new nation during this period. This transition was the culmination of political, economic, social, and cultural movements which transformed the nation. E Pluribus Unum - out of many United States, one nation; the United States was forged in the cauldron of these revolutions.quot;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;-Arnold Toynbee, A Study of History nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The above statement is one that seems to be very trueRead More The European Expansion and its Effects on the World Essay1260 Words   |  6 Pagesby science.† (p. 403) The European scientific revolution was fueled by the blending of â€Å"liberal† and â€Å"servile† arts, in other words, science and technology. Because of the European expansion taking place throughout the world, new commerce and industries were advancing, creating the need for new technology and science. The theories and inventions that Copernicus, Galileo, and Newton provided were the fist major advances during the scientific revolution, and perhaps were the most profound. The EuropeanRead MoreFreedom During The Gilded Age922 Words   |  4 PagesGilded Age The meaning of freedom for black Americans have changed over time, during the Gilded Age Blacks’ definition of freedom was defined as a new â€Å"social order† still driven at the hope of an American society breaking free from the anti-democratic restraints imposed by a corrupt government. This concept of freedom changed when WWII and the 1960’s Conservative Revolution started ,allowing blacks to reap the benefits of social, political and economic prosperities by having the â€Å"right to choose†Read MoreThe American Of The United States1192 Words   |  5 Pageswere emerging throughout the states. In order to get their points across, they frequently resorted to vigilante methods. As soon as the war stopped, trade with the British seemed to start where it left off. British ships clogged American harbors and traders offered Americans low, easy credit. All classes lived in moderate luxury even if they could not afford it. Those still committed to the ideal of republican simplicity were unable to agree on how best to preserve it. Sam Adams scolded the youngerRead MoreThe Age Of Jackson And Jacksonian Democracy1140 Words   |  5 Pagesalso endorses the important truth that Jackson extremely contributed to building the American nation and its politics. Just as contemporaneous artists so regularly characterized him astride his horse overlooking the battlefield, Jackson bestride some of the key streams of nineteenth-century American political life. Jackson gotten some precise education at district academies and schools, and following the Revolution, he left the Waxhaw community to review law with two outstanding members of the NorthRead MoreExamining Through American Empire By Joshua B Freeman957 Words   |  4 PagesExamining through American Empire by Joshua B Freeman, it evident that American has indeed integrated into an empire. In the writing, Freeman advocates that the tenure of World War I create d one of the most profound legacies across the world. The legacy resulted in the collapse of countries such German, Russia, Ottoman Empire, and Austro-Hungarian. On the other hand, the author defines that existence of World War II came in with much influence to the Americans. The events within the World War IIRead MoreBurke and Rousseau: Inequality and Transformation Essay1453 Words   |  6 PagesBurke and Rousseau: Inequality and Transformation During the Enlightenment, many western political and economic philosophers attempted to describe the transition of mankind towards modernity. Specifically, Edmund Burke (1729-1797) and Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778) were both heavily influenced by the American Revolution (1775-1783) and French Revolution (1789-1799), which compelled each to write about the existence of inequalities in society and transformations that aim to address these inequalities

Essay on Analysis on Benetton’s Advertisements - 1154 Words

Analysis on Benetton’s Advertisements Analyse and comment on the controversial nature of the Benetton’s adverts paying close attention to the race issues and the most recent death row campaign Images are fast replacing words as our primary language. They define our ideas of beauty, truth, and history. In our age, the photographer, not the philosopher is king. (From Richard Avedon: Darkness and Light) What kind of advertising company would depict images that convey messages which are totally opposite from the purpose and nature of the company itself? What kind of advertising company would cause unnecessary pain and distress to the ones affected by the disturbing images of which the†¦show more content†¦My intentions are to discuss the social and cultural implications of Benetton’s ads to discover why they have become so criticised and whether or not they are beneficial to our society. In 1989 Benetton became the first company to eliminate pictures of its products from its advertisements. The photographer Oliviero Toscani, who has a long history in dealing with art, was given total control over Benetton’s ads. The first advert was named ‘war’. The advert depicts two men of different race united with handcuffs. This is the first thing that comes to our mind. These are the denotations. There is a white man and a black man. It seems that both of these are men are dressed in denim jackets as well as having the same colour shirt. However all these points are very simple, if one looks at the picture very carefully then there are many inferences that can be made. Although the ad shows two men handcuffed together, some people may assume the black man was cuffed to the white man. This led to many complaints about racism after this ad appeared. When you look at the black man a sense of criminality is symbolised. On the other hand if you look at the white person a sense of heroism has been symbolized. Throughout the late 1900’s black people were always put after every other white person. They had no equal rights and always came second. AlthoughShow MoreRelatedEthics in Advertisement of United Colors of Benetton2289 Words   |  10 PagesEthics in advertisement of United Colors of Benetton Are Benetton ´s advertisements ethical or not? Contents Introduction: 3 The United Colors of Benetton strategy 3 Three separate cycles of building Benetton’s value 4 Utilitarianism approach 6 Deontological approach 7 Conclusion 9 References 9 Introduction: As the students of MME (Economics and Management studies), we have chosen the topic, which involves our study program, which is the Marketing and Consumer behavior. Our topic is focusedRead MoreThe Company United Colors Of Benetton3607 Words   |  15 Pagesproduction and design. It makes it intricate to compare the firm with other companies in the fashion industry, since business rivals can be lesser and focus on just one element of the business chain. Benetton’s major competitors include: Inditex, HM and GAP (Maguire, 2003, p. 16). The three firms’ are Benetton’s competitors because they target similar consumer segment in the marketing environment. Evidently, its competitors in the market do not exist exactly in the same industry since Inditex and BenettonRead MoreBenetton Brouhaha - Is Benetton’s Approach to Advertising as Depicted in â€Å"Benetton Brouhaha† More Strategic or Structural in Nature?3761 Words   |  16 PagesMarketing 601 Assig nment 1 Benetton Brouhaha Benetton Brouhaha Is Benetton’s approach to advertising as depicted in â€Å"Benetton Brouhaha† more strategic or structural in nature? The purpose of this paper is to practice critical thinking by applying elements of reasoning to the article â€Å"Benetton Brouhaha†. The question I will answer: â€Å"Is Benetton’s approach to advertising as depicted in the article more strategic or structural in nature?† I will approach this question by applying critical thinkingRead MoreA Message Without Words Essay2804 Words   |  12 PagesSelect one (1) of the picture ads from the Benetton advertisement images document, located in the online course shell. Assume you are the project lead at Benetton. You and your team are tasked with revitalizing a social conscious campaign to address a world issue Benetton wants to draw attention to. Craft a message for this image and its appeal to the public on behalf of Benetton. The message selected for revitalizing a social conscious campaign to address a world issue that Benetton wants toRead MoreThe Impact Of Advertising On People s Engagement With Social Issues Essay1601 Words   |  7 Pagessensitive to events and thus less responsive, he suggests, than we had been before. Eric Watts and Marc Orbe, in their article on spectacular consumption, explore how culture is shaped by public consumption, through an analysis of the Whassup! ads for Budweiser. In their analysis, Watts and Orbe argue that the effectiveness of the ads were reliant on two conflicting attitudes about Black America held by predominantly white America: first a apprectiation for the sameness of Male bonding, and an attractionRead MoreLogistics and Outsourcing in China: the Benetton Group S.P.A. Case3073 Words   |  13 Pagesmade the group able to experience revenues for over 2 billion euros in the last four years and a net income of 102 million euro in 2010, despite the crisis that strongly affected world performance in the industry. Figure 2. The Group Profit Analysis 2010. Benetton Investors Report The importance of Logistics for the Apparel Industry In the past, the main players in the apparel industry used to compete primarily on style, price and marketing as these factors mattered most for customerRead MoreThe Role of Advertising in Marketing Communications9872 Words   |  40 Pagespublic relations are as follows: High credibility: News stories and features are more authentic and credible to readers than ads. Ability to catch buyers off – guard: Public relations can reach prospects who prefer to avoid sales people and advertisements. Dramatization: Public relations have the potential for dramatizing a company or a product. 5. DIRECT MARKETING – Use of mail, telephone, fax, e – mail, or internet to communicate directly with or solicit response or dialogue from specific customersRead MoreThe Sustainable Century By Design Or Disaster9705 Words   |  39 Pagessolar heating units, organic food, etc. Many other products simply have less packaging, reduced material input or some other â€Å"sustainably quality†. Some companies employ sustainability branding to attract and appeal to the sustainability market. Benetton’s message of peace, love and equality is a case in point. These â€Å"markets† will not immediately cause an end to the 20th century supply and demand apprati. This is not the point either. Instead, sustainability values embody a whole different consumerRead MoreThe Sustainable Century By Design Or Disaster9705 Words   |  39 Pagessolar heating units, organic food, etc. Many other products simply have less packaging, reduced material input or some other â€Å"sustainably quality†. Some companies employ sustainability branding to attract and appeal to the sustainability market. Benetton’s message of peace, love and equality is a case in point. These â€Å"markets† will not immediately cause an end to the 20th century supply and demand apprati. This is not the point either. Instead, sustainability values embody a whole different consumer

Merchant of Venice - Feminist Perspective. - 1498 Words

The feminist critical perspective examines the roles that women play in literary works and their true significance to the text. Their roles are usually decided on by the society or time period in which the story is set. In The Merchant of Venice, females were suppressed by the societal ideals of Shakespeares Elizabethan era, which is portrayed through the characters of Portia and Jessica, who could not establish their own powerful identities because they were women. Portia and Jessica are the main female characters in the play. If they had been given a chance to show their skills, they undoubtedly wouldve been extremely strong women. However, they had to mask their abilities in order to appeal to their male counterparts. Their†¦show more content†¦The suitors lasciviously desired Portia for her beauty and wealth. If they could win her as a wife, their reputations and futures would be set. The first suitor to try his luck at the riddle of the caskets was the Prince of Morocco . He chose the gold casket which had an inscription that read: Who chooseth me shall gain what many men desire (II.vii.5). This shows that Morocco was a greedy man who desired Portia for materialistic reasons, just like many other men who would desire the gold too. The second suitor to attempt the riddle was the Prince of Arragon, who chose the silver casket. Like Morrocco, Arragon was quite superficial. I will assume desert. Give me a key for this / And instantly unlock my fortunes here (II.ix.52). He saw Portia as merely a free ride to financial security. He didnt want her because he loved or cared for her. He only wanted her for her money and power. Women were a prize which men displayed and flaunted. A woman had no true value as a person. A recurring event in the play was the women disguising themselves as men. This is symbolic of the suppression of the women by their male counterparts. They had to mask their true abilities under the guise of men. There was no way in Elizabethan society for a woman to be successful in any field other than wifehood or motherhood. In Act II, Jessica was finally rebelling against the strict rules of Shylock. She was taking extreme measures in order to elope with Lorenzo.Show MoreRelated Father-Daughter Relationships in Sidney’s The Countess of Pembroke’s Arcadia, Marlowe’s The Jew of Malta, and Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice3187 Words   |  13 PagesFather-Daughter Relationships in Sidney’s The Countess of Pembroke’s Arcadia, Marlowe’s The Jew of Malta, and Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice Justification for the subjugation of females to males during the sixteenth century came from a variety of sources. Ranging from the view that God gave Adam authority over Eve as penalty for the fall, to a belief in the superiority of a husbands’ physical strength over that of his wife, attempts at rationalization of the restricted freedom of womenRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare1824 Words   |  8 Pagesintention for marrying a man of Othello’s was to escape her own racial constraints on gender (women). She implied that marriage to a man of another color will aid her escape from white Venice. However, she expressed her disappointment thus, â€Å"I thought if I marry this strange dark man, I can leave this narrow little Venice with its whispering piazzas behind – I can escape†¦but under that exotic faà §ade was a porcelain white Venetian† (242). Desdemona is allowed to exercise control over her own sexualityRead More Portrayal of Women in William Shakespeares Plays Essay3560 Words   |  15 PagesWilliam Shakespeares characterization of women varies immensely from one comedy to another. In his works, Taming of the Shrew, The Merchant of Venice, and Much Ado About Nothing, he portrays both dominant and submissive women. Ultimately, Shakespeare examines the complexity of women by displaying the vast array of attitudes, emotions, and their treatment and reaction to men as well as refuting the typical subservient wife role. In Shakespeares The Taming of the Shrew, the difficultiesRead MoreEssay on A Feminist Perspective of William Shakespeare1506 Words   |  7 PagesA Feminist Perspective of Shakespeare   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Although William Shakespeare reflects and at times supports the English Renaissance stereotypes of women and men and their various roles and responsibilities in society, he is also a writer who questions, challenges, and modifies those representations. His stories afford opportunities not only to understand Renaissance culture better but also to confront our own contemporary generalizations about gender, especially what it means to be female. In hisRead MoreThe Renaissance Period3406 Words   |  14 Pageslimitless capabilities of the human mind. By this it is recognised that different cultures and opinions are important as every human has a different view or belief on a particular topic. This influenced and helped shape the Renaissance as different perspectives and impressions of everyday life have evolved so that they can be interpreted differently. Although main area in which this occurred was in the arts and literature, as different styles were developing , it c an be incorporated into most aspectsRead MoreOthello - Values and Attitudes2518 Words   |  11 Pagesis set in is representative of the writers context. The attitudes and values that Shakespeare reveals through the text are those same attitudes and values of Elizabethan society in England in the sixteenth-century. Although Othello is set in Venice and Cyprus, the attitudes and values shared in the text are probably reflective of the attitudes and values of Shakespeares own society. It is difficult to assess the attitudes and values of people in sixteenth-century Britain to the relativelyRead MoreGender Stereotypes in Othello Essay2033 Words   |  9 Pagesresults in the betrayal and downfall of many of the characters. The inclusion of such a destructive ending is Shakespeare’s dissatisfaction with the cruel and deceptive nature of societal gender stereotypes and the outcomes that they can have. The perspective of dominance as an idealistic trait for men is also instilled in Othello. His dominance displays a possessive nature, as he tends to objectify and idealize Desdemona. As he struggles to cope with the idea that his perfect wife may be committingRead MoreThe Theme Of Homo Eroticism Within The Play As You Like It And How It Differs From Various Other3688 Words   |  15 Pagesbui lds both upon feminist challenges to the idea that gender is part of the essential self and upon gay/lesbian studies close examination of the socially acknowledged nature of sexual acts and identities. Whereas gay/lesbian studies focused its inquiries into natural and unnatural behaviour with respect to homosexual behaviour, queer theory expands its focus to encompass any kind of sexual activity or identity that falls into normative and deviant categories. Italian feminist and film theorist

Photography and Technology

Question: The great Modernist tradition of straight photography resulted from the thinking of Sadakichi Hartmann and many others. Names associated with this style include Ansel Adams and Henri Cartier-Bresson. Photographers were urged to produce pictures that looked like photographs rather than paintings, and they were urged to feature black-and-white photography. Is black-and-white photography more truthful than modern digital photography? Is one more artificial than the other? Why? Answer: By considering the major demand over the black and white photography lately, it seems that the particular type of image is making a comeback of late. The digital camera users have rediscovered the beauty of the mono images (Macfarlane, et al., 2014). The absence of colour distractions is one of the most obvious reasons making the black-and-white photography more truthful than the modern-day photography. The fact outlined above facilitates black-and-white photography more artificial than the modern digital photography. The modern photography consists of terrible level of distractions regarding the colour combinations in the images. It causes to take the entire focus away from the subject (Burger Burge, 2016). Alternatively, there are the subtlety-tones present in the black-and-white images providing understanding about what more can be achieved in a photo. References Burger, W., Burge, M. J. (2016).Digital image processing: an algorithmic introduction using Java. Springer. Macfarlane, C., Ryu, Y., Ogden, G. N., Sonnentag, O. (2014). Digital canopy photography: exposed and in the raw.Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,197, 244-253.

A Short Quiz About Partial Quotations

A Short Quiz About Partial Quotations A Short Quiz About Partial Quotations A Short Quiz About Partial Quotations By Mark Nichol Formatting quotations can be tricky, especially when the words between the quotation marks do not constitute a complete sentence. How would you revise these clumsily formatted partial quotations? For each example, compare your corrections to mine in the paragraphs following each one. 1. â€Å"These days, says Smith, ‘The market does the valuation work for you.’† To clarify the context, the writer has provided the quotation with an introductory phrase the person quoted did not actually utter; therefore, it is not inserted within the quotation marks. And because although â€Å"The market does the valuation work for you† is a full sentence the potential quotation is â€Å"These days, the market does the valuation work for you,† the original quote is treated as a partial quotation and therefore does not begin with an initial-capped word: â€Å"These days, says Smith, ‘the market does the valuation work for you.’† Also, the attribution tag (â€Å"says Smith†) could be relocated to follow the quotation, but the sentence’s rhythm is better as is. 2. â€Å"But he conceded that, ‘with the world like it is, the situation looks a little different now.’† If you do choose to make a partial quote immediately follow a contextual paraphrase, note that unlike as in the case of a simple attribution tag, when the paraphrased part of the sentence and the quotation portion are linked by that, they are not separated by a comma: â€Å"But he conceded that ‘with the world like it is, the situation looks a little different now.’† However, if you convert the initial phrase to an attribution tag, do insert a comma after it: â€Å"But, he conceded, ‘with the world like it is, the situation looks a little different now.’† 3. â€Å"If you own a business ‘dependent on an abundant, reliable water source,’ he said, you probably aren’t thinking about building a plant in Las Vegas.† In journalistic writing, quoted material gives the article a sense of accessibility you feel like you are there listening to the source and of veracity. But some people are more quotable than others, and some reporters are better at recording their source’s utterances better than others. Often, in the rush to capture a speaker’s comments, the reporter manages just a phrase here and there and presents them as partial quotes. Sometimes that works, and sometimes it doesn’t. Here, as is frequently true, the exact words are inconsequential because the statement is mundane; there’s no personality or pithiness in the prose. In that case, it’s usually better just to treat the information as a paraphrase a rewording of the quotation even if it includes words or phrases (or the entire sentence fragment) actually uttered by the source: â€Å"If you own a business dependent on an abundant, reliable water source, he said, you probably aren’t thinking about building a plant in Las Vegas.† 4. â€Å"Smith kept his cool, but he was clearly upset that the plan was meant to ‘discredit the committee’s work and undermine its conclusions before those conclusions are even reached.’† This partial quotation could be converted to a paraphrase, but because the issue is sensitive and the speaker is critical in his choice of words, most reporters would retain the markers indicating that these are the source’s exact words. However, although it is strongly implicit in this sentence that Roberts is the source of the partial quotation, that’s not good enough. Even if a contextual phrase preceding a partial quotation refers to the speaker, insert an attribution tag: â€Å"Smith kept his cool, but he was clearly upset that the plan was meant to, as he put it, ‘discredit the committee’s work and undermine its conclusions before those conclusions are even reached.’† 5. â€Å"He championed an $11 billion water bond ensuring ‘a reliable water supply for future generations, as well as restoring ecologically sensitive areas.’† This quotation is less stable than the previous one because it’s even less clear here that the person identified as the subject uttered the partial quotation. Make the connection clear: â€Å"He championed an $11 billion water bond ensuring, he said, ‘a reliable water supply for future generations, as well as restoring ecologically sensitive areas.’† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Congratulations on or for?How to Punctuate with â€Å"However†20 Criminal Terms You Should Know

Use of Symbols in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight

Use of Symbols in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight â€Å"Sir Gawain and the Green Knight† is an ancient poem that tells the story of the exchanges between Sir Gawain and a mysterious Green Knight. Sir Gawain is a blood relative of King Arthur and a brave knight while the Green Knight is a disguised character who sets out to test his opponent. â€Å"Sir Gawain and the Green Knight† was authored in an unknown date in the late 1300s by an anonymous author.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Use of Symbols in â€Å"Sir Gawain and the Green Knight† specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The unknown author who wrote â€Å"Sir Gawain and the Green Knight† is also associated with three other poems that were found in the manuscript that contained this poem. The setting of the poem has always been believed to be Northern England. The author of this poem (referred to as the Gawain-poet in this paper) uses several stylistic devices that make this poem an outstanding work of literature. The poet uses several symbols in the poem to the benefit of the readers. The symbols that are used in â€Å"Sir Gawain and the Green Knight† help the Gawain-poet to instill deeper meanings to this literary piece. This essay explores the symbols that are used in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight and how they contribute towards the revelation of the poem’s meaning. The poem begins by narrating the events that are going on in King Arthur’s court during the new-year festivities. A mysterious character, the Green Knight, arrives at the King’s court albeit uninvited. The Green Knight proceeds to offer a challenge to all the feast attendees; any brave knight who is present at the court will have the opportunity to strike the Green Knight with an axe but in one year and a day’s time the volunteering knight would have to withstand a similar challenge. King Arthur steps forward and accepts the challenge but Gawain intercepts the King and takes up the challenge himself. Gawain carries on the challenge by striking the Green Knight’s head with an axe and manages to severe it. However, in a strange turn of events the Green Knight bends down and picks up his severed head. The Knight then reminds Gawain to honor his end of the deal by showing up to the Green Chapel to receive a similar challenge. Approximately a year after this encounter, Sir Gawain leaves for the Green Chapel to honor his end of the deal. The Gawain-poet details the adventures of Gawain throughout his journey in the rest of the poem.Advertising Looking for research paper on british literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More One of the most prominent symbols that are used in this poem is Gawain’s shield and pentangle. The shield is a tool of protection especially for people who engage in armed combat. The pentangle that is contained in the shield is specific to the wearer (Sir Gawain). Therefore, the pentangle is a symbol of the virtues and values that are held by Gawain in the course of his Knighthood. According to the poem, the pentangle is a five-pointed-star that traces its origins to King Solomon. In most ancient texts, the pentangle is often a symbol of truth or a magical seal (Green 123). The interlocking nature of the pentangle symbolizes the complexity of human virtues. In the context of the â€Å"Sir Gawain and the Green Knight†, the pentangle brings together the influence of â€Å"the five virtues, the five wounds of Christ, the five senses, the five joys of Mary the mother of Jesus, and the five fingers (Besserman 220). Consequently, it is apparent that as a knight, Gawain also seeks his moral, physical, and spiritual strengths from other places. Gawain’s strengths and virtues are interwoven like the triangles in the pentangle. The endless pattern that is found in the pentangle echoes the perfection of Gawain ch aracter. For instance, when all the other knights are afraid of the Green Knight’s challenge he voluntary rescues the King from possible failure or humiliation. Solomon is said to have used the pentangle as a personal magic seal. However, later on Solomon became a symbol of wisdom, kingship, and might. The similarities between Solomon and Gawain’s use of the pentangle are that both personalities had flaws. At the end, Solomon turned away from God and eventually lost his kingdom while Gawain refused to honor a promise he made to his host. The Gawain-poet emphasizes the significance of the connection between Gawain and the pentangle. According to Professor Burrow, several lines in the poem are dedicated to establishing this connection. For example, the poet mentions that the pentangle is a symbol of fidelity or ‘trawpe’ that associates Gawain with the traits of faithfulness and fidelity. The poet then concludes that the object is befitting for the main chara cter (Morgan 779). The symbol of the pentangle helps in developing the themes of bravery and selflessness. These two concepts are presented from a Christian point of view and hence the pentangle is a symbol of fidelity and faithfulness.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Use of Symbols in â€Å"Sir Gawain and the Green Knight† specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Color green is a symbol with several possible interpretations. The main antagonist in â€Å"Sir Gawain and the Green Knight† is the Green Knight. The Green Knight is presented by the poet as a mystical character with striking features. This character is noted to be green in color. In addition, the Green Knight has a green horse, green skin, a green beard, green clothes, a green-gold axe, and green hair. The portrayal of a completely green knight highlights the peculiar nature of Green Knight’s presence. In addition, the Green Knightâ €™s color uniformity suggests that he is a uniform character. Several analysts have debated about the symbolism of color green as used by the Gawain-poet. Some scholars have proposed that the Green Knight is a symbol of the god of vegetation and nature. According to Basserman, the green color of the Green Knight symbolizes the â€Å"dying and rising vegetation god† (220). Other medieval texts have also made references to green men. In some instances, a green man symbolizes a ‘wild man’ while at other times he symbolizes the ‘evil man’. The Gawain-poet combines both symbols because at the beginning of the poem the Green Knight is portrayed as a character with evil motives. However, by the end of the poem the Green Knight is portrayed as a straightforward character. Most scholars are in agreement over the fact that in traditional-English folklore the color green mostly symbolizes fertility and rebirth. In the poem, green is presented as a pure colo r except for the green-gold girdle. The mixture of green and gold is a symbol of change in the form of passing youth. The green color used in the girdle first serves a symbol of immortality. When Gawain is humiliated by his behaviors, he adorns the green girdle as a symbol of cowardice and shame. However, the Camelot knights finally adorn the green girdle as a symbol of honor. All these changes elaborate the ambiguity of color green as a literary symbol. The poem also employs the symbol of an axe that is held by the Green Knight during his entry to the king’s court. During the medieval times, the axe was a symbol of execution. Consequently, when the Green Knight is holding an axe he symbolizes the executioner. When the Green Knight enters the palace, he is holding an axe but he offers to be executed first.Advertising Looking for research paper on british literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This makes the Green Knight a strange and an unusual executioner. When the Green Knight picks up his severed head and rides away, it becomes clear that he is an extraordinary executioner, one who cannot die. In medieval texts, death is known as the only executioner who cannot die (Besserman 220). Apart from the axe, the Green Knight is also holding a holly bob. In medieval England hollies were constantly associated with death and ghosts who would often come back to haunt their former residences. Some medieval sources claim that it was â€Å"a well known fact within the English tradition that a holly bob carried into a house before Christmas foretells death in the coming year† (Krappe 214). Therefore, when the Green Knight enters holding an axe and a holly bob, his symbol as the executioner who foretells death is complete. The green girdle is another symbol that has ambiguous characteristics. The symbol of the girdle is like the one of color green and it keeps changing through out the poem. At first, the Gawain is given the girdle by his host’s wife with the promise that it has magical elements and it will make him immortal. However, when the identity of the Green Knight is revealed to be that of Gawain’s former host, the girdle instantly symbolizes cowardice and shame. Gawain resolves to wear the girdle for the rest of his life as a symbol of his shameful and cowardly act. However, when Gawain arrives at Camelot he finds all the other knights wearing the girdle as a symbol of triumph and honor (Tolkien 121). Given the poem’s religious undertones, the Gawain-poet might have used the symbol of the girdle as a parallel to the crown of thorns that was worn by Jesus during crucifixion. Jesus’ crown of thorns was a symbol of both humiliation and triumph. Furthermore, the crown of thorns signified the victory of Jesus after he had gone through turbulent times. Gawain goes through tough experiences that are similar to the ones that Je sus went through and in the end he receives a symbolic girdle. A thorough analysis of the symbols that are used in â€Å"Sir Gawain and the Green Knight† reveals that this poem contains several hidden meanings. These symbols also reveal that the Gawain-poet employs a strong religious theme. The poem also lacks a sole and definite meaning. Instead, the Gawain-poet chooses to indulge the readers in dual-meaning symbols. Symbols are also used to portray the weaknesses of mankind in the face of tribulations. Most of the symbols in this story dwell on the subjects of death, human triumph, defeat, temptation, and honor. The dual meanings in some of the symbols that are used in this poem suggest that the poet is not ready to pass judgments. A thorough analysis of â€Å"Sir Gawain and the Green Knight† indicates that symbols are prevalent in the poem and the Gawain-poet intended to use these symbols as tools of hidden meanings. Besserman, Lawrence. The idea of the Green Knigh t. ELH 53.2 (1986): 219-239. Print. Green, Hamilton. Gawains Shield and the Quest for Perfection. ELH 29.2 (2002): 121- 139. Print. Krappe, Alexander Haggerty. Who Was the Green Knight?. Speculum 13.2 (1938): 206-215. Print. Morgan, Gerald. The significance of the pentangle symbolism in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. Modern (The) Language Review London 74.4 (1979): 770-790. Print. Tolkien, John and Norman Davis. Sir Gawain and the green knight, London, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press, 1967. Print.